As the conflict in Ukraine persists, the insatiable demand for artillery, tank, and mortar shells continues to escalate. Western nations, grappling with this demand, have been compelled to source ammunition from a diverse range of global suppliers, notably including India.
India's emergence as a significant ammunition source for Ukraine has been particularly striking. Reports indicate India was potentially a key non-EU contributor to the Czech ammunition initiative, further solidifying its role. Photographic evidence of Indian-made tankers equipped with high-explosive fragmentation ammunition has become increasingly prevalent in Ukraine.
A notable correlation appears to exist between the heightened presence of Indian ammunition in Ukraine and statements from the Czech Prime Minister regarding the delivery of the initial ammunition batch. It is surmised that, alongside 155 mm caliber artillery ammunition, Ukraine has also secured 125 mm caliber tank ammunition from India.
The shells depicted in the photographs are likely manufactured at the state-owned Munitions India Limited (MIL) factory. These shells are characterized as simple high-explosive fragmentation shells, essentially licensed versions of the Soviet OF26. Weighing 33 kg in total, including the propellant charge, the shell itself weighs 23 kg and houses approximately 3 kg of TNT, triggered by an impact fuse.
Upon detonation, the shell yields roughly 2,000 fragments, with a lethal impact radius of approximately 40 meters. However, the effectiveness of these shells is largely confined to open terrain, as earth fortifications can offer substantial protection against them.
In response to this limitation, numerous countries are actively developing or researching programmable ammunition capable of detonating in the air above trenches. Regrettably, Russia and other foreign users of this ammunition type remain behind Western nations in this technological advancement.
While India's role in supplying ammunition to Ukraine remains unconfirmed, the evidence suggests a potential shift in its position. The implications of this development on the ongoing conflict and India's diplomatic relations remain to be seen.
