Recent analysis from prominent United States military analyst and veteran Wes O’Donnell suggests that India possesses the technical capability to significantly upgrade the Russian Su-57 "Felon" fighter jet.
By integrating domestic sensors and software, India could transform the aircraft into a formidable long-range strike platform, even if its fundamental design prevents it from achieving true "stealth" status.
Addressing Technical Shortcomings
The Su-57 has frequently faced criticism regarding its low-observable (stealth) characteristics.Analysts point to several design features that compromise its radar signature, including engine face exposure and infrared vulnerabilities.
In current operational theaters, such as Ukraine, the aircraft has primarily been utilized for long-range missile launches from a distance, rather than entering highly contested airspace.
Furthermore, while the Su-57’s radar systems appear capable on paper, reports suggest they struggle with data fusion and high pilot workload due to unrefined software integration.
The Indian "Deep Integration" Advantage
O'Donnell argues that India could rectify these internal issues by utilizing its robust defence electronics sector.By replacing Russian components with Indian-developed technology—specifically the Uttam AESA radar family developed by the DRDO—the aircraft would gain:
- Superior Detection: Enhanced tracking persistence in electronically cluttered environments.
- Improved Data Fusion: Streamlined mission software that reduces pilot workload and presents clearer combat data.
- Electronic Warfare (EW) Upgrades: Stronger protection against modern jamming techniques.
Sovereign Control and Strategic Interests
A major benefit of an "Indianized" Su-57 would be sovereign control over the platform's evolution.Currently, New Delhi must often wait for Moscow's timelines for software patches or hardware upgrades.
By using indigenous mission computers and datalinks, India could:
- Independently integrate its own weapons systems, such as the Astra beyond-visual-range missile.
- Quickly adapt threat libraries to counter specific regional challenges.
- Ensure better compatibility within India’s existing network-centric warfare ecosystem.
The "Stealth" Reality Check
Despite the potential for lethal sensor upgrades, experts warn that no amount of software can alter the physical geometry of the airframe.The Su-57’s radar cross-section (RCS) remains significantly higher than that of the American F-22 or F-35.
India originally withdrew from the joint Fifth Generation Fighter Aircraft (FGFA) program in 2018 due to concerns over these stealth deficiencies.
However, with Russia currently offering the Su-57E export variant—with potential deals involving 36 to 40 units valued at approximately $7-8 billion—the prospect of licensed production at HAL's Nashik facility has returned to the spotlight.
A Bridge to the Future
As India continues to develop its own Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA), expected to mature in the mid-2030s, an upgraded Su-57 could serve as a critical stopgap.It would provide the Indian Air Force with a heavy, twin-engine "missile truck" capable of dominating the skies through superior situational awareness and long-range engagement, rather than relying solely on invisibility.
