Recent reports by The Wire, a left-leaning media outlet, have revealed the export of dual-use technology from India to Israel. These reports bring the complex nature of such technology into focus, as it highlights the thin line between civilian and military applications.
Dual-Use Technology: A Regulatory Challenge
Dual-use technology refers to goods, software, or technical knowledge that can be used for both civilian and military purposes. In this case, reports indicate that two Indian companies have been exporting potentially sensitive technology to Israel:- Munitions India Ltd (MIL): A public sector enterprise under India's Ministry of Defence, MIL obtained a license in January 2024 to export products to Israel. The products may include explosives, pyrotechnics, initiators, fuses, and charges, which have both military and non-military applications (such as in construction and mining). Approval for a repeat export remains pending.
- Adani-Elbit Advanced Systems India Ltd.: This joint venture between Adani Defence and Israel's Elbit Systems reportedly exported munitions as components for Israeli Hermes 900 UAVs/drones between 2019 and 2023.
Concerns and Controversies
The Wire's reporting raises concerns about India indirectly supplying military-use technology to Israel during a period of heightened conflict in the Israel-Palestine region.The timing of a license approval coincides with India's UN vote in favor of a ceasefire, further highlighting the controversy. Questions arise regarding the Indian Government's considerations in allowing exports with potential use in conflict.
The lack of transparency surrounding the exact nature of the dual-use items exported exacerbates these concerns. Attempts to obtain clarification from the companies involved have been unsuccessful.
The Need for Balance and Oversight
India's burgeoning defense industry seeks a greater role in global arms exports. While economic interests are a factor, it's paramount for any country exporting dual-use items to implement robust scrutiny and oversight mechanisms. This helps ensure that these items don't contribute to unauthorized military purposes or instability in sensitive regions.The case of India's exports to Israel underscores the vital need for the international community to closely examine export control frameworks and policies regarding dual-use technology. A balance must be struck between commercial benefits, the peaceful use of technology, and the crucial responsibility to prevent the further escalation of conflict zones.