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In a dramatic escalation of tensions following the April 22, 2025, terror attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan announced on April 24, 2025, the suspension of the 1972 Shimla Agreement and the closure of its airspace to all Indian-owned and Indian-operated airlines. The decision, reported by The Economic Times, comes as a retaliatory measure against India’s suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), expulsion of Pakistani military attachés, and other diplomatic actions in response to the attack, which killed 26 people, mostly tourists. T
The Pahalgam attack, claimed by The Resistance Front (TRF), a proxy of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT), targeted civilians at Baisaran meadow, killing 25 Indians and one Nepali national. Indian intelligence linked the attack to LeT commander Saifullah Kasuri, with evidence suggesting Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) support. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, cutting short his Saudi Arabia visit, vowed a strong response, while Defence Minister Rajnath Singh promised a “loud and clear” retaliation.
Pakistan barred all Indian airlines, including Air India and IndiGo, from its airspace, disrupting routes to Europe, the Middle East, and North America. This echoes Pakistan’s 2019 airspace closure after the Balakot airstrike, which forced Indian carriers to reroute flights.
Pakistan sealed its borders, revoked visas for Indian nationals (except Sikh pilgrims), and ordered Indian personnel to leave by April 30, 2025. All trade with India, including third-country transit through Pakistan, was halted, further straining economic ties.
Indian defense attachés were declared persona non grata, mirroring India’s earlier expulsions.