The US-India relationship, while strengthened by recent collaborations and shared democratic values, grapples with an underlying tension. The US is torn between applauding India's rise as a potential counterweight to China and containing its growth to maintain its own dominance in the global order. This unspoken dilemma shapes US policy towards India, resulting in a complex mix of cooperation and strategic maneuvering.
India's economic and military advancements have raised its ambitions to become a leading power, independent of any bloc. This desire for strategic autonomy challenges the US's traditional expectation of allies aligning with its global strategies. India's refusal to fully endorse the US stance in conflicts like the Ukraine war adds to this tension.
Further complicating matters is the US's past experience with China. Having supported China's economic growth with the hope of democratization, the US is wary of making the same mistake with India. Despite India's long-standing democratic track record, concerns linger about its potential to align with China or assert its own nationalistic interests once it reaches high-income status.
The US employs a dual strategy towards India: fostering cooperation through defense agreements and economic partnerships while simultaneously applying pressure on political issues. The recent friction over the Khalistan movement, continued US support for Pakistan, and interventions in Bangladesh's political landscape highlight these challenges.
India, in turn, seeks recognition for its growing importance and a greater voice on the global stage. It questions the existing power structures and demands equitable engagement with the West. While open to cooperation, India is increasingly assertive in its own interests, making it less susceptible to external pressures.
The upcoming US presidential election could further complicate this delicate balancing act. A new administration may intensify efforts to manage India's rise while still harnessing its potential to counter China's influence in the Indo-Pacific.
The path forward lies in deeper engagement and understanding. India's growth trajectory is distinct from the West, and attempts to impose solutions or ideologies will only create friction. The US and the West must recognize India's complexities and allow it to evolve at its own pace.
A successful relationship will require both sides to acknowledge their mutual interests and respect their differences. India's potential as a partner in shaping the Indo-Pacific region is undeniable. However, this partnership can only flourish in an environment of trust, respect, and equitable engagement. The next decade will be crucial in determining whether the US and the West can navigate this complex relationship and build a truly collaborative partnership with India.
