The Indian Ocean is witnessing an escalating naval arms race between India and Pakistan, with China's growing influence in the region playing a significant role. This competition has intensified with recent developments, including Pakistan's launch of its first Chinese-designed Hangor-class submarine and India's test of a new anti-submarine warfare (ASW) weapon.
While China is not a direct arms supplier to India, its deepening ties with Pakistan and the provision of military technology have indirectly fueled the arms race. Pakistan's heavy reliance on Chinese weaponry and technology, exemplified by the Hangor-class submarine, has prompted India to enhance its naval capabilities in response.
According to a report by Asia Times in May 2024, China's growing strategic partnership with Pakistan and its increasing military footprint in the Indian Ocean have created a security dilemma for India. This has led India to invest heavily in its naval capabilities to counter the perceived threat from Pakistan's Chinese-equipped submarine fleet.
The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) has highlighted Pakistan's increasing reliance on Chinese arms imports. This dependence not only strengthens China's influence in the region but also exacerbates the existing security competition between India and Pakistan.
India's response has been to bolster its naval capabilities, including the acquisition of advanced submarines, aircraft carriers, and anti-submarine warfare systems. This arms buildup is seen as a direct response to China's growing influence and Pakistan's military modernization with Chinese assistance.
