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The Indian Navy has confirmed its acquisition of 26 Rafale M fighter jets from France as an interim measure to bolster its carrier-based air power until its domestically developed Twin Engine Deck-Based Fighter (TEDBF) becomes operational.
This strategic move aims to ensure a seamless transition from the aging MiG-29K fleet to a more advanced, indigenous platform, with production of the TEDBF projected to begin by 2033.
The Indian Navy's current aviation wing relies heavily on the Russian-made MiG-29K, operating from the carriers INS Vikramaditya and the recently commissioned INS Vikrant, India's first indigenously built aircraft carrier. While the MiG-29K has served the Navy reliably, its operational lifespan is nearing its end, necessitating a replacement.
The procurement of the 26 Rafale M, the naval variant of the Dassault Rafale, is intended to bridge this gap. The Rafale M boasts advanced capabilities, including carrier compatibility, state-of-the-art sensor suites, and cutting-edge weaponry such as the Meteor beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile and SCALP air-launched cruise missile.
Open-source information indicates the Rafale M is a highly maneuverable, multi-role fighter capable of air superiority, interdiction, reconnaissance, and nuclear deterrence missions.
However, the Navy has clearly stated that the Rafale M acquisition is a "stop-gap" solution to address immediate operational needs. The long-term focus remains firmly on the development and induction of the TEDBF.
The TEDBF, under development by India's Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) in collaboration with Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), is a twin-engine, canard delta wing, multirole fighter designed specifically for carrier operations.
According to the Navy's timeline, the first flight of the TEDBF prototype is anticipated around 2028, with production clearance expected by 2033. Induction into the Navy is projected to commence by 2035, gradually replacing the MiG-29K fleet. This phased approach will allow for a smooth transition, ensuring the Navy maintains combat effectiveness throughout the process.
By limiting the Rafale M purchase to 26 units, the Navy is strategically allocating resources towards the indigenous TEDBF program, fostering the growth of India's domestic aerospace industry. Furthermore, it signals a desire to reduce long-term dependency on foreign military hardware suppliers.
The development of the TEDBF is a significant undertaking for India's defence sector. It is being designed to carry a wide range of weapons, including air-to-air, air-to-surface, and anti-ship missiles, as well as precision-guided bombs. It will likely incorporate advanced avionics, including an Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar, and feature a significant degree of stealth technology.
